Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer affects the colon or rectum. It often develops from benign polyps that can be detected and removed.
Symptômes
• Persistent change in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation) • Blood in the stool • Abdominal pain or cramps • Unexplained weight loss • Persistent fatigue, feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
Facteurs de risque
• Age over 50 • Personal or family history of polyps or colorectal cancer • Chronic inflammatory bowel disease • Diet high in red and processed meat, low in fiber • Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol
Prévention
• Eat a diet rich in fiber, fruits and vegetables • Limit red and processed meat • Engage in regular physical activity • Avoid tobacco and limit alcohol • Maintain a healthy weight
Dépistage
• Fecal occult blood test every 2 years from age 50 • Colonoscopy if the test is positive or there is a family history • Earlier screening for high-risk individuals
Traitement
• Surgery to remove the tumor • Chemotherapy, before or after surgery depending on the stage • Radiotherapy, particularly for rectal cancer • Targeted therapy for advanced stages • Regular follow-up after treatment